Transformative effects upon the Future of IoT, Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence on Cloud Computing (Part-1)

Cloud Computing - an active research has been seen in a definition and evolution since last two decades. It is driven by innovation in networking and distributed architectures and so it is a manifestation of distributed systems research since the initial concept of client server model was introduced. Everyone knows that cloud computing plays a vital role in modern society and also enables a range of applications from infrastructure to social media. Such a system must be able to handle shifting loads and changing usage patterns that reflect society's engagement and reliance on automated computer systems while also meeting Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. These systems are made possible by a group of conceptual technologies that have been synthesized to fulfil the demands of emerging “cloud computing applications”. 

These systems are made possible by a group of conceptual technologies that have been synthesized to fulfill the demands of emerging computing applications. To comprehend the current and future issues of such a system, it is necessary to identify important technologies that will enable future applications. The goal of this research is to see how three developing paradigms (Blockchain, IoT, and AI) will affect future cloud computing systems. 

To improve the dependability of cloud computing systems, new fault tolerant mechanisms must be developed that can preserve cloud service quality in the event of hardware or software failures. Furthermore, security can be increased by utilizing emerging technology known as Blockchain (distributed ledgers within the Cloud) to protect communication from attackers, hence increasing the computing systems' reliability.  

Evolution of Computing Paradigms and Technologies takes place as follows: 

• Client Server 
• Super Computer 
• Proprietary Mainframe 
• Cluster Computing 
• Open Massively Parallel Processing (MPP) & Symmetric Multi-Processing (SMP) 
• Grid Computing 
• Commodity Clusters 
• Peer to Peer 
• Web Services 
• Virtualized Clusters 
• HPC System 
• IaaS, PaaS, SaaS 
• Cloud Computing 
• Fog Computing 
• Internet of Things 
• Edge Computing  

Triumvirate: IoT, AI and Blockchain 

Because of the introduction of creative technologies and concepts such as the Internet of Things, Blockchain, and Artificial Intelligence, cloud computing has evolved into intelligent computing.  

1. Internet of Things (IoT): 

The modern Internet combines dynamic monitoring and control services with objects known as Things, which are equipped with sensing, actuating, and networking capabilities. These technologies are ubiquitous in modern life, appearing in homes, public transportation, highways, and automobiles. 

IoT applications have traditionally used cloud services to offload processing and persistent storage, but as the number of 'Things' grows, these services are unable to meet the real-time demand of IoT devices. This is due to the fact that such systems operate in physical environments over enormous geographic distances, necessitating low latency reaction times and high-density data input requirements/bandwidths. 

By decentralizing resource orchestration from datacenters to edge networks, fog/edge computing extends cloud system boundaries. As a result of these qualities, IoT systems can scale both logically and geographically while maintaining real-time reaction times, thus Fog/Edge computing can be regarded as a future architecture for IoT applications. 

Smart e-health apps can collect data from implantable and wearable devices, build personal area networks, to monitor patient data in real-time. Smart-Gateways collect and process data acquired from devices on the fly, including medical device noise filtering, data compression and fusion, and analysis that enable for the detection of potentially harmful trends in a patient's health. Fog-enabled IoT systems are adaptive, and they can change their behavior based on the state established by the data acquired from sensors. For example, a smart gateway collecting samples from a pacemaker can increase its sample size before to a heart attack, which can be identified by fog layer pee-processing. 

As a result, the Internet of Things is allowing technology for future systems like electronic vehicles and micro-grids. In addition, such a grid can supply power in a safer, more reliable, and stronger manner to satisfy evolving customer demands.  

2. Blockchain 

Blockchain, in theory, is a collection of distributed ledgers that can be used to record and track the value of a commodity. When new data is entered into the system, it is turned to a Block, which generates a Proof of Work (PoW), which is a hash value that is difficult to generate without affecting the PoW of all blocks in the ledger preceding it. The Fog system's miners mine the blocks and produce and validate PoWs. When a miner completes the proof of work, it announces the new block to the network, which then checks its legitimacy before adding it to the chain. Furthermore, until 50 percent of a Blockchain's distributed copies are individually reformed using the same set of procedures, this fraudulent data manipulation will fail. As a result, changing any data in blockchain within a certain time constraint becomes extremely difficult. Click here to learn more about blockchain.  

3. Artificial Intelligence 

With the rise of fog and cloud deployments in today's world of data-intensive jobs, more and more intelligence is required at various levels to deliver optimal task scheduling decisions. Several studies have been conducted with the goal of utilizing AI techniques to improve the performance of fog and cloud systems. By allowing automatic decision making instead of human-encoded heuristics, AI provides a lucrative path for optimizing massive systems with large amounts of data with engineering simplicity and efficiency. 

Cloud computing is rapidly expanding, and CDCs are becoming an essential aspect of well-known companies like Facebook, Microsoft, Google, and Amazon. Yotascale is a next-generation computing and automatic performance monitor technology that eliminates the need for humans to be held accountable. Yotascale employs Artificial Intelligence to make ahead forecasts or decisions about cloud prices, resulting in cost savings. Yotascale can also perform real-time analysis to detect aberrant trends using deep learning approaches (supervised/unsupervised techniques or prediction models), determine the main cause, and forecast cloud usage and cost in the future. 

We have seen evolution of computing paradigms and technologies in this part. We will discuss about the impact of these technologies on Cloud computing in the next blog. Stay tuned for the updates.